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Final Exam

The focus of the final exam will be on the system-wide effects specifically policing and homeland security that various Supreme Court decisions have had, and continue to have, on the field of criminal justice. You will select three Supreme Court cases from the list provided below, outline details of the case and its deposition, and trace the ruling’s repercussions as the various components of the criminal justice system are affected. A single decision has the capacity to greatly alter criminal justice operating procedures. Some decisions have important effects, but their ability to create system-wide changes in policy is moderate. Other decisions have seemingly mundane outcomes yet end up causing vast changes in policy for various components of the criminal justice system.

First, select 3 Supreme Court case from the list below:

• Tennessee v. Garner (1985)
• Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)
• Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
• Cooper v. Pate (1964)
• Cruz v. Beto (1972)
• Furman v. Georgia (1972)
• Williams v. Florida (1970)
• Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
• Powell v. Alabama (1932)
• Harris v. United States (1968)
• Terry v. Ohio (1968)
• Florida v. Harris (2013)
• Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
• Weeks v. United States (1914)
• Illinois v. Perkins (1990)

Using the selected cases, in your exam;

• Summarize the background and details of the case and the justices’ ruling.
• Identify the specific component of the criminal justice system that was most affected by the Supreme Court’s ruling.
• Provide an in-depth analysis of any operational policy, hiring, or training policy that was, or would be, required to change due to the legal decision.
• Describe what systemic effect the Supreme Court’s decision had, or has, for the remaining components of the justice system.
• Detail how a single Court ruling can have systemic effects.
• Identify and trace system-wide transformation caused by a particular Court ruling.

Cite quotations taken directly from the original court case transcripts. Only select one case from the list upon which to build your response. Citations and basic information pertaining to each case can be found in  FindLaw, Oyez, Google, or Bing. For more in depth discussions and original Court documentation, a google search will elicit a plethora of reputable sources. Remember, Wikipedia should never be considered a reputable source of scholarly information.

The Exam

• Must be 7 page long double-spaced pages in length (excluding title and reference pages), and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the MGSU Writing Center.
• Must include a title page with the following:
  • Title of EXAM
  • Student’s name
  • Course name and number
  • Instructor’s name
  • Date submitted
• Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
• Must address the topic of the assignment with critical thought.
• Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
• Must use at least 5-10 scholarly sources in addition to the course texts. References should be primary, not secondary. For example, if one reads a section pertaining to Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) in A TEXTBOOK (2015) , the reference should feature the original court case, not from your textbook. The web site, Oyez, can be of assistance in obtaining in-depth legal information pertaining to case details and court rulings.
• Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the MGSU Writing Center.
• Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the MGSU Writing Center.

Explain how the six management functions are distributed across levels of the organization. Here’s a very short video about the importance of first-line supervisors: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7ue3XwGMAw. What are its implications for police departments? Identify the five basic steps in the planning process. Identify the main components of the police staffing function.

Explain the four key organizational principles presented in the text. Two of the case studies in the back of this text (Case 1, Cod Bay and Case 2, Rixton) describe situations in which some officers perform improperly. You might consider how their behavior might be improved by using the basic principles of police organization as well as policies, procedures, rules, regula¬tions, and discipline. Then answer two question in each case from the discussion questions.

Explain what distinguishes auxiliary services tasks, and give a few examples. One of the auxiliary services tasks is telecommunications. Visit a police department communication center or regional 9-1-1 center. If possible, stay for a couple of hours to get an appreciation for the level and complexity of the activity that goes on there. Explain what distinguishes administration tasks, and give a few examples. One of the administration tasks is internal affairs. Visit a few police department websites and see what their procedures are for filing a complaint against an officer. Are they all the same?

Explain the purpose of organizational values and identify four that might apply to a police organization. Read Case Study 3 (Strategic Planning in Spokane, Washington) in the text. Compare the vision and values adopted by that agency with the discussion in this chapter. Identify several characteristics of systems. Make a list of entities in the environment of a police organization. Then rank them in what you think is their order of significance, i.e., which ones have the most impact on the police organization?

Explain why force and authority are at the core of the police role. Identify the behaviors that police most commonly exhibit in their encounters with the public. See what you can learn about police use of force from the most recent national study, available here and summarize it: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp08.pdf

Select a Police administration, system, practice or any particular policing/police issues topic/problem to define, describe the scope and consequences of the problem, and assess society’s responses to the problem (including public policies and other less formal responses). Papers should also present a clearly reasoned alternative that is supported by scholarly research.

While the following example can be modified to suit your needs, using this outline as a guide will likely result in a high quality final paper:

1. Title
2. Abstract
3. What is the topic problem?
4. Why does this problem qualify as a “criminal justice issue”?
5. What are the individual and social implications of this problem? Discussion of implications should be supported by accurate research data.
6. What do the experts say about the problem?
7. What have we, as a society, done about this problem? Again, consider public policies and other, less formal responses.
8. How is this working?
9. Describe an alternative.
10. Discuss why the alternative is, or can be, an effective response to the problem. Remember to consider negative consequences of the alternative response.
11. Conclude with reflections and thoughts about your chosen social problem. This is a good place to include personal opinions, assuming you wish to share them in a research paper.

The Research Paper:

1. Must be 10 to 12 double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style.
2. Must include a title page with the following:
3. Title of paper
4. Student’s name
5. Course name and number
6. Instructor’s name
7. Date submitted
   1. Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
   2. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
   3. Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
   4. Must use at least five scholarly resources.
   5. Must document all sources in APA style
   6. Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style.